Effectiveness of galcanezumab on sleep quality, migraine outcome, and multidimensional patient-reported outcome measures: a real-world experience in Turkish patients with episodic and chronic migraine
Front. Neurol. 15:1411238.doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1411238
はじめに
このリアルワールド研究は、発作性片頭痛(EM)および慢性片頭痛(CM)の患者における睡眠の質、片頭痛の結果、および多次元患者報告アウトカム指標(PROM)に対するガルカネズマブの影響を調査することを目的としました。
方法
反復性片頭痛(n=24)または慢性片頭痛(n=30)の患者54名が 3か月間のガルカネズマブ注射を受け、ピッツバーグ睡眠品質指数(PSQI)を使用して測定された睡眠の質、および月間頭痛日数(MHD)、月間片頭痛日数(MMD)、頭痛の重症度などの片頭痛アウトカムについて評価されました。片頭痛障害評価スケール(MIDAS)、頭痛影響テスト-6(HIT-6)、SF-36健康関連の生活の質(HRQoL)、ベック不安評価尺度(BAI)、ベックうつ病評価尺度(BDI)などの患者報告アウトカム指標(PROM)も評価に含められました。
結果
睡眠の質が悪い患者(PSQI合計スコア5以上)の割合は、ベースラインでは72.7%でしたが、1ヶ月目と2ヶ月目にはそれぞれ57.5%と56.2%に減少しました。
ガルカネズマブ注射の3ヶ月目までに、研究対象集団全体(p=0.016)の睡眠障害領域と、ベースラインで不安レベルが低い(p=0.016)およびうつ病が全くない/最小限(p=0.035)の患者のサブグループで、有意な改善が見られました。
ベースラインで睡眠障害があった患者は、3ヶ月目までに合計PSQIスコア(p=0.027)と主観的睡眠の質(p=0.034)および日中の機能障害(p=0.013)領域で顕著な改善を示しました。
1、2、3か月目では、MHD(p<0.001)、MMD(p<0.001)、HIT-6スコア(それぞれ p<0.001)、BAIスコア(それぞれ p<0.001)、BDIスコア(p範囲0.048~<0.001)、HRQoLスコア(p範囲0.012~<0.001)に有意な改善が認められました。
結論
ガルカネズマブは、睡眠の質を改善する上で顕著な利点を示し、また、睡眠パラメータに対する併存疾患ベースおよび領域固有の効果も示しました。
これには、ベースラインでうつ病や不安のない患者の睡眠障害領域、およびベースラインで睡眠障害のある患者の PSQI 合計スコア、主観的睡眠の質、および日中の機能障害が含まれます。この治療は、片頭痛の結果およびさまざまな PROM の急速な改善も促進します。
引用文献
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院長 山田による要約:FRIEND STUDY
この論文は片頭痛患者54名にガルカネズマブ(エムガルティ)投与を3か月間行い、頭痛日数、片頭痛日数、頭痛の重症度を評価し、さらに片頭痛に付随する症状の訴えの改善をみています。
結果として、頭痛・片頭痛日数の減少だけでなく、生活の支障、健康関連の生活の質、睡眠の質の改善を確認できました。
特に睡眠の質の改善は私も時々患者さんから教えて頂くことがあります。
この治療薬の投与により直接睡眠の質を改善したとは考えにくいですが、片頭痛の改善、生活の質の改善、精神的な安定などが関連して、睡眠の質が上がることは十分に考えられます。それがこの治療の価値になります。
片頭痛と睡眠の悪化はお互いにリスクになる問題です。
片頭痛があり、睡眠でも悩んでいる人はこのままほっておいてはどんどん状況は悪くなって行くことも考えられます。頭痛という症状にのみついて考えるのではなく、体の不調全般が片頭痛や睡眠が関連している事を考えて今一度頭痛の治療を考えていただけると良いかと思います。